BRITISH
EMPIRE
The
British
Empire
comprised
the
dominions,
colonies,
protectorates,
mandates
and
other territories
ruled
or administered by the
United
Kingdom.
It originated with the
overseas
possessions
and
trading
posts
established
by
England
between
the late 16th and early 18th centuries. At its height, it was the
largest
empire
in
history and, for over a century, was the foremost
global
power.
By
1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people,
one-fifth of the world's population at the time.
The
empire covered more than 33,700,000 km2,
almost a quarter of the Earth's total land area.
As
a result, its political,
legal,
linguistic
and
cultural
legacy
is widespread. At the peak of its power, the phrase "the
empire on which the sun never sets"
was often used to describe the British Empire, because its expanse
across the globe meant that the sun was always shining on at least
one of its territories. The independence of the
Thirteen
Colonies
in
North America in 1783 after the
American
War of Independence
caused
Britain to lose some of its oldest and most populous colonies.
British attention soon turned towards Asia, Africa, and the Pacific.
Following the defeat of
Napoleonic
France
in
1815, Britain enjoyed a century of almost unchallenged dominance and
expanded its imperial holdings across the globe. Increasing degrees
of autonomy were granted to its
white
settler
colonies,
some of which were reclassified as
dominions.
There
are some types of possesion in the british empire: there are
colonies, protectorates, economic imperialism, direct control,
indirect control...
QUEEN
VICTORIA
Alexandrina
Victoria was born in 1819 and she died in 1901(nineteen ou one).
Queen Victoria, was only 18 when she came to the throne so she had a
lot to learn. She was the monarch of UK of Great Britain and Ireland
from 1837 until her death. Her power came before she reign, becouse
she is the doughter of Prince Edward, duke of kent. The queen
victoria reign for 63 years which is the longest of any british
monarch and the longest women monarch. That reign was so powerful
that recived a name: Victorian Era.
Her
mother had a strong temperament, so she made the paper of father ang
mother.
Victoria
only spoke Germany. When was obious that she could be the queen of
England, she had to learn to speak English.
When
she was a teenager, she had never gone alone to any place neither in
the palace.
When
someone talked with Victoria about her possibilities to be the queen,
she said: “I will be a good queen”. She only had 10 years old.
When
Guillermo IV died, in 1837, the Canterbury archbishop knelt down in
front of Victoria to said that she was the new England Queen.
The
ceremony of her coronation took place in Westminster in 1838.
Victoria
queen was in love of her husband and cousin, Alberto prince of
Sajonia-Coburgo-Gotha. They met when she was 16. They married when
she was 21, he wasn't in love of Victoria but he was happy with she,
years latter.
Alberto
was one of few men that Victoria had spoken in her life and the firt
who spoke in privacity. Alberto was a type of god for Victoria.
Alberto
was nombered “Consort Prince” when they had married, but he
didin't get the title until 1857.
They
had nine sons, but Victoria loved more Alberto than they.
With
the unions by her sons and grandchildren with Europe, she was know
with the nickname of “Europe's Grandmother”. But she was
Hemofilia's carrer and her children were victims of the desease.
The
prestige of the crown was restored, thanks to the political skill of
Prince Albert, who had undoubtedly become the real king in the shade.
In
1861 her mother and her husband died. It was the worst periode of her
life.
At
that moment, she took the soberany until her death.
Some
romances are alleged to Victoria but she always wore mourning her
husband. For example, Munshi Abdul Karim.
The Duke of Kent, lived in exile in Brussels, he was retired of the army since 1803, he was sunk on a hundred of debts but he was receiving a pension from the British Parlament, and he met the Princess Leiningen of 31 years old who, without her husband because of his sadly death, was taking care of her two children, Charles and Feodora, 12 and 9 years. Lately, they married at Kew Palace.
In 1820, when Victoria had only 8 months old, his father, the Duke of Kent, died of a fulminant pneumonia, and six days later, on January 29 in Windsor Castle, where he was confined from 1811 by permanent mental diseases his grandfather dies, king George III, blind and crazy. We have to remember that George III was marked by military conflicts. Early in his reign, he defeated France in the Seven Years War, but he will always be remembered because of the loss of his American colonies, which they became the actual United States.
Since 1811, after relapse end of George III, his eldest son George, Prince of Wales, and Victoria's uncle, would rule as regent until his death and was succeeded on the throne by the name of George IV. This would be remembered as Prince and extravagant monarch.
Victoria was then the third successor in line, having many chances to the throne, because his two uncles, the Duke of York had no children, and had 30 years separated from his wife, and the Duke of Clarence, who either had descendence. But it was that same year when the Duchess of Clarence gave birth to Elizabeth Georgiana, who died three months later, victim of seizures, the following year in 1822 the Duchess returned to give birth to a pair of twins who would born death and letting her unable to cenceive again.
At the age of three years, Victoria was back in the front of the succession but the Duke of York died when Victoria is seven so she remains in second place in the line of succession.
The June 26 of 1830, King George IV dies and he's succeeded by the Duke of Clarence and King William IV, without descendence, Victoria then became 11 years, the future to the throne. This Regent Law was enacted, which stipulated that the Duchess of Kent, Victoria's mother, would be regent of the kingdom during the monarchy of the future queen, with this law, ignored the precedent of George IV and Parliament create any council to limit the powers of the eventual Regent.
Francesc
C.
Xavier
M.
David
P.
Mireia
H.
